The Great Depression and the Gold Standard
Reversion to the gold standard theory in pre-war America caused significant damage to the economy, and is commonly considered one of the greatest reasons for the depression in the 30s. Economists Sandeep Mazumder and John Wood reference Barry Eichengreen’s book, Golden Fetters , which argues that the reversion to the gold standard following World War I greatly impacted policies that were direct causes for the Great Depression. [1] By definition, the Gold Standard is a system in which many countries fix the value of their currencies to a specific amount of gold. According to the World Gold Council, “The classical Gold Standard existed from the 1870s to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. In the first part of the 19 th century, once the turbulence caused by the Napoleonic Wars had subsided, money consisted of either specie (gold, silver or copper coins) or of specie-backed bank issue notes.” [2] The Gold Standa...